济南塑料袋:可降解塑料袋、可再生塑料袋和可回收塑料袋
可再生资源是指在自然界特定的时空条件下,能不断繁殖、生长、再生以跟上消耗速度,保持或扩大其储量,并能被人类重复利用的资源。森林、土壤、草原、湿地、太阳能、风能、水能、动物、植物、微生物和各种自然生物群落都是可再生资源。
Renewable resources refer to resources that can continuously reproduce, grow and regenerate to keep up with the consumption rate, maintain or expand their reserves, and can be reused by human beings under the specific space-time conditions of nature. Forests, soils, grasslands, wetlands, solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, animals, plants, microorganisms and various natural biological communities are renewable resources.
可降解塑料袋是由这种可再生资源生产的材料制成的塑料袋。通常,这种可降解塑料袋材料可以快速制造或生产,或者通过生物和其他自然过程进行替换或补充,以跟上其使用速度。木材、纸板、纸张和纸浆是广泛使用的可再生材料。只要采取有效的可持续林业管理,就可以实现木材的持续供应,支持人类社会的正常运转。化石基材料塑料袋是指地球上化石资源有限的材料制成的塑料袋。石油、天然气、煤炭、矿藏或有机化石矿床都是化石资源,短时间内无法再生;生产材料,如玻璃、塑料、金属等,从这些资源中加工出来的是化石基材料。
Degradable plastic bags are plastic bags made of materials produced from this renewable resource. Generally, this degradable plastic bag material can be quickly manufactured or produced, or replaced or supplemented by biological and other natural processes to keep up with its use speed. Wood, paperboard, paper and pulp are widely used renewable materials. As long as effective sustainable forestry management is adopted, the sustainable supply of wood can be realized and the normal operation of human society can be supported. Plastic bags made of fossil based materials refer to plastic bags made of materials with limited fossil resources on earth. Oil, natural gas, coal, mineral resources or organic fossil deposits are all fossil resources that cannot be regenerated in a short time; Production materials, such as glass, plastic, metal, etc., are fossil based materials processed from these resources.
可降解塑料袋,顾名思义是指由可回收材料制成的塑料袋,回收后可以循环使用。生活中常见的可回收材料有纸张、纸板、玻璃、塑料、金属等。其中,纸和纸板兼顾了可再生材料和可回收材料的双重特性。可回收材料在和方面发挥着重要作用。数据显示,一吨废纸可生产850公斤再生纸,节约木材3立方米;废旧PET塑料瓶还可以回收加工成纱线,用作家具、汽车等行业的面料材料。
Degradable plastic bags, as the name suggests, refer to plastic bags made of recyclable materials, which can be recycled after recycling. Common recyclable materials in life include paper, cardboard, glass, plastic, metal, etc. Among them, paper and paperboard take into account the dual characteristics of renewable materials and recyclable materials. Recyclable materials play an important role in energy conservation and environmental protection. Data show that one ton of waste paper can produce 850 kg of recycled paper, saving 3 cubic meters of wood; Waste PET plastic bottles can also be recycled and processed into yarn, which can be used as fabric materials in furniture, automobile and other industries.
生物可降解塑料袋是指物质可以通过生物方法完全分解为天然成分,欧盟标准对生物降解塑料袋的定义是:90%的生物降解塑料袋在细菌、真菌或其他简单生物的协助下,能在6个月内分解成二氧化碳、水和矿物质。与生物降解性相比,可堆肥是更高的标准:通过控制湿度、温度和氧化过程来提高生物降解的效率,要求材料分解成完全的成分,整个过程对环境无害。
Biodegradable plastic bags means that substances can be completely decomposed into natural components by biological methods. The definition of biodegradable plastic bags in EU standards is that 90% of biodegradable plastic bags can be decomposed into carbon dioxide, water and minerals within 6 months with the help of bacteria, fungi or other simple organisms. Compared with biodegradability, compostability is a higher standard: improve the efficiency of biodegradation by controlling humidity, temperature and oxidation process, requiring the material to be decomposed into completely non-toxic components, and the whole process is harmless to the environment.
所以,可降解塑料袋是可以生物降解的,但生物可降解塑料袋不一定是可堆肥的。包括传统塑料袋在内的大部分工业废弃物,在自然条件下需要很长时间才能降解,有些甚需要上百年甚上千年,对环境造成很大危害。木材和纸是典型的可生物降解塑料袋材料。与传统塑料袋相比,它们对环境的影响显然更加友好。
Therefore, biodegradable plastic bags are biodegradable, but biodegradable plastic bags are not necessarily compostable. Most industrial wastes, including traditional plastic bags, take a long time to degrade under natural conditions, and some even take hundreds or even thousands of years, causing great harm to the environment. Wood and paper are typical biodegradable plastic bag materials. Compared with traditional plastic bags, they are obviously more friendly to the environment.
据不完全统计,我国每天有超过1000万份外卖被送出,其中大量使用塑料包装产品。考虑到传统塑料袋的降解少需要400年,越来越多的消费者呼吁可再生和生物可降解塑料袋来取代传统塑料袋。
According to incomplete statistics, more than 10million takeout products are sent out every day in China, of which plastic packaging products are widely used. Considering that the degradation of traditional plastic bags will take at least 400 years, more and more consumers call for renewable and biodegradable plastic bags to replace traditional plastic bags.
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